Human+Rights,+Immigration+7

toc =__Human Rights: Immigration__ =

Sophia Lesser + Keely Griffin


= Background: Immigration = >
 * ==//Immigration is the act of leaving ones home country to come to a foreign country to live.// ==
 * ==Many people get the term "immigration" confused with the like term "emigration": the act of leaving ones home country to settle for a while in another. ==
 * ==The main reason for immigration is often for economic opportunity, the desire for better land, a better job, or a better life. ==
 * ==This is why many immigrants travel to the U.S. Arizona like many other states in the U.S. has had trouble with illegal immigrants. Their new immigration law has caused lots of controversy, and has yet to show any sign of accomplishments towards their goal. ==

What methods/tactics were used to lead the movement? ** Physical threats and violence are sometimes used to enforce Laws passed. Police mainly in Arizona stop "immigrants" on the streets in order to have their paperwork checked. Violence threatens illegal immigrants in that it instills fear in them, and after the recent Arizona law was passed, police are aloud to question any suspicious person walking on the street and force them to display his or her U.S. documents.
 * --

** What major figures are involved in the movement? **
The Arizona Governor, Jan Brewer has been incredibly involved in the movement of Illegal Immigrations. She signed the tough new law in April, and on Wednesday found out she would be seeing the President to talk face-to face on the uproarious issue.

__**Arizona Immigration Law**__
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==** Was/Is the movement successful in achieving its goals? **== Arizona's movement has been successful in creating a national controversy, but the law itself has failed to receive much praise from the people. The real problem lies with the lack of border control, and the law did achieve this underlying goal. Thus, President Obama has willingly sent 1,200 National Guard troops to the U.S. and Mexico border. Obama has also given hints that $500 million-plus will be in store for border safety and security in the near future. ===“I think it's important to not only the state of Arizona but to all of America that we are able to tell him exactly what is taking place down there in Arizona and that we need to have our borders secured,” Brewer told Fox News Wednesday night. “And we need to have the federal government do their job.” ===
 * Jan Brewer gets ready to conference with the President himself: **

 //Cause for Arizona Immigration Law://

 Kidnapping, drug trafficking, and continuing illegal immigration are the cause for this controversial law. Jan Brewer tells Fox news of the devastating effects of illegal immigration, //<span style="color: #0059ff; font-family: Georgia,serif;"> “you know, when you think about it, incarceration, when you think of education, when you think of health, you know, it's awful,” she said. “The kidnap capital of the world is Phoenix because of the drop-houses, the drug cartels. ... We can't tolerate it.” //

=
<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">A difficult bill was signed by **Jan Brewer**, Arizona Governor, having to do with making immigration into a law. The idea of the bill is to find, punish, and deport illegal immigrants. The signing of the bill caused an enormous amount of protesting hinting that the bill violates the first amendment. President Obama states that the law threatened to take away the fairness that we cherish as Americans, and the relationship between police and communities will be strained. Many around the country are outraged at this new immigration law, for it allows police to be somewhat "racist". =====

=
<span style="color: #351188; font-family: Georgia,serif;"> >>( <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**<span style="color: #351188; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Jan Brewer: Republican State Governor of Arizona currently )<< ** ===== <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-style: normal; line-height: 19px;">

**<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: normal;">* <span style="color: #203c92; font-family: Georgia,serif;">73% **<span style="color: #203c92; font-family: Georgia,serif;"> support the new Arizona Immigration law that requires anyone suspicious of being an immigrant to show their paperwork proving their citizenship. And a staggering **<span style="color: #203c92; font-family: Georgia,serif;">62% **<span style="color: #203c92; font-family: Georgia,serif;"> agree with the fact that a police officer can ask //<span style="color: #203c92; font-family: Georgia,serif;">anyone // //<span style="color: #203c92; font-family: Georgia,serif;">they believe //<span style="color: #203c92; font-family: Georgia,serif;"> is not a citizen for paperwork, therefore racial-profiling.*

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;"> Riots after hearing about Law: Arizona's goal for this law was to stop chaos and violence.... media type="youtube" key="3c6KB_hwzf4" height="268" width="448"

<span style="color: #d21e1e; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; text-align: center;"> **What historical forces led to the rise of the movement?** >
 * =====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">The United States has long been the world's chief receiving nation for immigrants and refugees. =====
 * =====<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Georgia,serif;">The greatest in-pouring of people took place from the <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #0700ff; font-family: Georgia,serif;">1880's to the early 1920's. =====
 * =====<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Georgia,serif;">In the united states more than <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff0000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">45 million <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Georgia,serif;"> people are of Hispanic backgrounds and they make up the largest minority group in the country and language minority. =====
 * =====<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Hispanics are one of the fastest-growing U.S. minorities, although most hispanics speak english. =====
 * =====<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Georgia,serif;">This large minority group has greatly influenced U.S. culture with their own. Whether we like it or not our food, music, clothing styles, and architecture has been influenced by U.S. immigrants. =====

>
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; text-align: left;">In the early 1900's many laws were passed to rid America of unwanted Mexican immigrants.
 * =====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Because of the angry views of unemployed Americans, a repatriation program was put into action. =====
 * =====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">This program deported thousands of Mexicans against their will. In some cases adults were deported even if they were U.S. citizens. =====
 * =====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Many of these deportees were placed in detention camps in California. The camp officials mistreated them. =====
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">A law which required all adult immigrants to be able to read and write a language was passed in <span style="color: #0700ff; font-family: Georgia,serif;">1917.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; text-align: left;">The Border Patrol was established in <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #0700ff; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; text-align: left;"> 1924 spreading along the Mexican-U.S. border.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; text-align: left;">These laws had a harsh decline on the Mexican population in the Americas which lasted throughout the 1930's.

=  Who Qualifies for A Green Card? = = =

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; text-align: center;">9. Special Cases
=<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">__Time-line: (1900-2010)__ =

**<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 110%;">1900 **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 110%;">: <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Copper, silver, and zinc were found in Arizona and New Mexico. Texas begins to mine salt which angers Mexican American land owners, for they must give up their land.

[[image:http://www.pbs.org/kpbs/theborder/images/1900salt_mine-sm.gif width="165" height="135" align="left"]]
<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff4d00; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: center;">

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff4d00; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; text-align: left;">**1910:** <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; text-align: left;"> Mexican American delegates look to support the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo at the New Mexican consitutional convention. They mandate that both Spanish and English be used for all state business.

The Mexican Revolution also took place in 1910. The war created turmoil and chaos for the people in Mexico. Mexicans who opposed the fighting had the choice to hide away or leave the country. Many of these Mexicans chose to head North into the U.S. More than 890,000 legal Mexican immigrants came to the U.S. during the years between 1910-1920.

<span style="background-color: #f7e98d; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; text-align: center;">Honoring The Treaty of Guadalupe:
===<span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; text-align: center;">The United States had to honor land grants made by the government of Mexico under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Mexican government officials protested the U.S. when they failed to keep this treaty. The U.S. government also failed to ratify the Protocol of Queretaro claiming after signing it, the representatives did not have valid power. ===

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">

**<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> U.S. Marines are held by Mexican authorities at Tampico, Mexico. Despite Mexico’s apology, President Wilson orders the U.S. fleet to attack and occupy Veracruz, Mexico to reclaim the rights of Americans. <span style="color: #0059ff; font-family: Georgia,serif;"> 1917: <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> In spite of President Wilson’s veto, an Immigration Act that mandates a literacy test for immigrants is passed. **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> ===<span style="color: #351188; font-family: Georgia,serif;">1921: <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: normal;"> The Immigration Act of 1921 restricts the immigration of Southern and Eastern Europeans. Agriculture lobbyists rally to block the movement to include Mexicans in the proposition. ===
 * <span style="color: #188f14; font-family: Georgia,serif;">1914: **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">


 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[[image:http://www.pbs.org/kpbs/theborder/images/1924immigration_station-sm.gif width="293" height="135" align="left" link="@http://www.pbs.org/kpbs/theborder/images/1924immigration_station.jpg"]]

<span style="color: #c23cd3; font-family: Georgia,serif;">1924 **<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">: Immigration Act of 1924 halts the flow of other immigrant groups, border stations are established to formally admit Mexican workers, and a tax is collected on each person entering.

The League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) protests discrimination by the Southern Pacific Railroad, which refuses to provide skilled apprenticeships to Mexican Americans.
 * <span style="color: #d64399; font-family: Georgia,serif;">1941 **<span style="color: #d64399; font-family: Georgia,serif;">: <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**<span style="color: #1b9ebb; font-family: Georgia,serif;">1942: ** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">The bracero program begins, allowing Mexican nationals to temporarily work in the United States – primarily in the agricultural industry.

Backed by LULAC, a suit by Gonzalo Mendez against many California school districts causes the Federal District Court to rule that segregation in schools is unconstitutional. This sets the judicial precedent for the Brown vs. Board of Education case, which repeals the "separate but equal" concept.
 * <span style="color: #ab5c12; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 110%;">1947 **<span style="color: #ab5c12; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 110%;">: <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**<span style="color: #952868; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 110%;">1953: ** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> Operation Wetback: The U.S. Immigration Service deports more than 3.8 million people of Mexican heritage. American-born children, who were by law U.S. citizens were also deported along with their illegal parents. The U.S. agents used a wide span of criteria when interrogating potential illegal immigrants. They even adopted the practice of stopping "Mexican-looking" people on the streets and asking for their identification. <span style="color: #0059ff; font-family: Georgia,serif;">//(This is strikingly similar to the new Arizona Immigration Law which has given police permission to search any person they feel is suspicious or looks like an "immigrant. This will clearly increase racial profiling in America, and has outraged many, because they are judging mostly on skin color)// <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;"> This practice angered many Mexican American citizens. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> = =

====**<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1990- <span style="color: #e7329c; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Immigration Act: ** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">The Immigration Act in 1986 was made to help the flow of immigrants into the country. The people in charge of this act say that it will penalise employers for hiring undocumented staff and will lower the number of illegal immigrants from coming into the country. Some think, though, that this did nothing and everything remains the same, because many "aliens" still come across the boarder illegally. ====